A piston is a moving disk enclosed in a cylinder which is made gas-tight by piston rings. The disk moves inside the cylinder as a liquid or gas inside the cylinder expands and contracts. A piston aids in the transformation of heat energy into mechanical work and vice versa.
The connecting rod (con rod, or conrod) connects a piston to the crankshaft. The rods are made from drop-forged, heat-treated steel to provide the required strength. Each end of the rod is bored, with the smaller top bore connecting to the piston pin (wrist pin) in the piston.
In simple terms, a turbo forces more air into the engine's cylinders which, added to some extra fuel, means a bigger bang can be created in the cylinder. A bigger bang means more power. The latest turbocharged engines use incredibly precise metering of the fuel and air to boost efficiency as well as power.